Digital Elevation Model
نموذج الارتفاع الرقمي
Also known as: DEM, DSM, DTM, Digital Terrain Model, Digital Surface Model
A digital elevation model encodes ground (or surface) heights as a raster grid. DTM (Digital Terrain Model) represents bare earth; DSM (Digital Surface Model) includes buildings and vegetation; DEM is the umbrella term. Drone photogrammetry generates DSM at 5-10 cm vertical accuracy with RTK; LiDAR pushes accuracy to 2-3 cm…
Definition
A digital elevation model encodes ground (or surface) heights as a raster grid. DTM (Digital Terrain Model) represents bare earth; DSM (Digital Surface Model) includes buildings and vegetation; DEM is the umbrella term. Drone photogrammetry generates DSM at 5-10 cm vertical accuracy with RTK; LiDAR pushes accuracy to 2-3 cm with the added benefit of seeing through vegetation. FI Tech uses DEMs for cut-and-fill earthwork volume calculations on KSA infrastructure projects, comparing weekly DEMs to find exactly how many cubic meters of soil moved. The same data feeds floodplain modeling for NEOM and Riyadh Metro civil-engineering reviews.
